Recent research reviews and meta-analyses have explored the therapeutic use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in dermatology. LED therapy leverages specific wavelengths of non-ionizing light most commonly red, blue, and near-infrared to stimulate cellular activity through photobiomodulation. This method affects chromophores in the skin, altering biological processes like inflammation, collagen synthesis, and cell proliferation (Jagdeo et al., 2018; Ngoc et al., 2023).

The strongest evidence supports LED use for acne vulgaris, herpes simplex and zoster, and acute wound healing. Meta-analyses show that blue LEDs (around 415 nm) significantly reduce acne lesions by killing acne-causing bacteria and decreasing oil gland activity, while red LEDs (around 633 nm) help reduce inflammation (Ablon, 2018; Ngoc et al., 2023).

Clinical studies also show that near-infrared LEDs can accelerate healing of herpes sores and surgical wounds by improving blood flow and cell regeneration. In randomized trials, herpes lesions healed 2–3 days faster with LED use than with standard treatments alone (Jagdeo et al., 2018; Park et al., 2004).

Other applications like skin rejuvenation, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis show potential but remain inconsistent. While some trials report improvement in wrinkles and elasticity after several weeks of treatment with red or infrared LEDs, others found minimal or no change compared to placebo or creams. Variability in treatment parameters - such as wavelength, intensity, and exposure time - complicates comparisons across studies. Devices used also vary widely in clinical power and delivery method, affecting results (Ngoc et al., 2023; Harvard Health Publishing, 2019).